IMBA IMBWA 1

IMBA IMBWA

Zuva reInternational Labour Day, iro rinozivikanwawo seInternational Workers' Day, imhemberero inocherechedzwa musi wa1 Chivabvu pasi rose, kunze kwedzimwe nyika dziri muAfrica, Middle East, Asia. MuUnited States neCanada, Zuva reBasa rinopembererwa musi weMuvhuro wekutanga waSeptember uye rinozivikanwa seZuva reBasa . Musi waChivabvu 1, mutambo uyu unoitwa mukurangarira Bato reVashandi uye kuda kwekodzero yebasa rakanaka.

Kwakabva Mhemberero yeZuva Revashandi

Mukati mezana ramakore rechi 19, kutamburira kwavashandi kutsvaka migariro iri nani yokushanda kwakavamba. Maawa ekushanda aive maawa gumi nemaviri uye izvi zvakagadziriswa nevarume, vakadzi, vana nevakwegura. Mafekitari akanga asina hanya nokugara zvakanaka kwevashandi vawo uye akanga asina hanya nezvavanoda. Nguva dzeIndustrial Revolution dzakanga dzichipfuura uye kukura kukuru kwakauya kumakambani makuru, zvisinei, bonanza iyi haina kubhadharwa kune vashandi avo, vasina kugutsikana, vakatanga kuronga nechinangwa chekuda mamiriro ari nani. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakatanga kufamba kwevashandi munyika. MuUnited States, guta reChicago rakafungidzirwa pakupera kwezana ramakore re19 serimwe remaindasitiri makuru emaindasitiri eWestern world, uye iriko apo mugore ra1886 kurohwa kwekutanga kwakatungamirwa neboka revashandi vemubatanidzwa kwakaitika. Chinangwa chikuru chekuramwa mabasa kwaive kubvumwa nekubvumwa nevashandirwi vavo rondedzero yezvaida kuti zuva rekushanda rideredzwe kusvika kumaawa masere, mihoro iri nani uye kupihwa zvinhu zvakakodzera basa, pakati pezvimwe. Vashandi vanosvika zviuru makumi mashanu vakashevedzwa, saka nharembozha iyi yakanzi yaizobudirira. Mhinduro haina kunonoka kuuya, kunyange hazvo isingaite yaitarisirwa nesangano remubatanidzwa. Varidzi vefekitari, vachitsigirwa nemapurisa emunharaunda, vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kutorwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa se Chinangwa chikuru chekuramwa mabasa kwaive kubvumwa nekubvumwa nevashandirwi vavo rondedzero yezvaida kuti zuva rekushanda rideredzwe kusvika kumaawa masere, mihoro iri nani uye kupihwa zvinhu zvakakodzera basa, pakati pezvimwe. Vashandi vanosvika zviuru makumi mashanu vakashevedzwa, saka nharembozha iyi yakanzi yaizobudirira. Mhinduro haina kunonoka kuuya, kunyange hazvo isingaite yaitarisirwa nesangano remubatanidzwa. Varidzi vefekitari, vachitsigirwa nemapurisa emunharaunda, vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kutorwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa se Chinangwa chikuru chekuramwa mabasa kwaive kubvumwa nekubvumwa nevashandirwi vavo rondedzero yezvaida kuti zuva rekushanda rideredzwe kusvika kumaawa masere, mihoro iri nani uye kupihwa zvinhu zvakakodzera basa, pakati pezvimwe. Vashandi vanosvika zviuru makumi mashanu vakashevedzwa, saka nharembozha iyi yakanzi yaizobudirira. Mhinduro haina kunonoka kuuya, kunyange hazvo isingaite yaitarisirwa nesangano remubatanidzwa. Varidzi vefekitari, vachitsigirwa nemapurisa emunharaunda, vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kutorwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa se muhoro uri nani uye kupa zvinhu zvakakodzera basa, pakati pezvimwe. Vashandi vanosvika zviuru makumi mashanu vakashevedzwa, saka nharembozha iyi yakanzi yaizobudirira. Mhinduro haina kunonoka kuuya, kunyange hazvo isingaite yaitarisirwa nesangano remubatanidzwa. Varidzi vefekitari, vachitsigirwa nemapurisa emunharaunda, vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kutorwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa se muhoro uri nani uye kupa zvinhu zvakakodzera basa, pakati pezvimwe. Vashandi vanosvika zviuru makumi mashanu vakashevedzwa, saka nharembozha iyi yakanzi yaizobudirira. Mhinduro haina kunonoka kuuya, kunyange hazvo isingaite yaitarisirwa nesangano remubatanidzwa. Varidzi vefekitari, vachitsigirwa nemapurisa emunharaunda, vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kutorwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa se Vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kubatwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa se Vakarayira kudzvinyirirwa kwekuratidzira uye kubatwa kwevatungamiriri vemubatanidzwa, avo vakazotongwa ndokutongerwa rufu. Ivo vanozivikanwa seChicago Martyrs.

Makore gare gare, Kongiresi Yokutanga yeSecond Socialist International yakaitwa muParis, mukuremekedza zviitiko zvakaitika muguta reChicago. Chiitiko ichi chakaitika muna Chivabvu 1, 1889 uye zuva iri rakagadzwa seInternational Workers' Day.

kubudirira kwevashandi

Pamusoro pekuramwa mabasa kwakaitwa muChicago mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19, kune kusaverengeka kutamburira uko sangano revashandi rakave naro nekufamba kwenguva. Neizvi, kuvandudzwa kwakakosha mumamiriro ekushanda kwave kuwanikwa. Kunyangwe nhasi kutsvaga kwezviito zvinovimbisa basa rakanaka kunoenderera mberi, mhedzisiro yakakosha yave kuwanikwa, senge:

Zvimwe zvinhu zveInternational Labor Day

Zvakajairika kutanga kwekutanga kwaChivabvu munyika dzinoyeukwa chiitiko ichi kuita maforamu mumaguta makuru, kuitira kurangarira kurwira kwevashandi uye kuda mamiriro ekushanda ari nani.

Kunyange hazvo kwakabva mabiko aya kuguta reChicago, kuUnited States, nyika iyi haifarire kupembererwa kwekutanga kwaChivabvu. Chikonzero, danho rekugadza zuva iri raive Labor Movement , ravanofunga neSocialist affinity.

MuPortugal kutanga kwaMay hakupembererwe zviri pamutemo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mushure meKumukira kweCarnation , kwakaitika musi wa25 Kubvumbi, 1974 uye kwaive kufamba kweboka revashandi vechiPutukezi, zuva rechipiri iri rinorangarirwa nesimba guru.

Chechi yeKaturike yakabatana nemutambo uyu nokuzivisa onomastics pana Chivabvu 1 mukutsaurira kuSan José Obrero.

Muna 1919, International Labor Organisation (ILO) yakasikwa sedare repasi rose rinotonga mabasa

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